John F. Mahoney
The winner of the popular vote is not necessarily the candidate who is elected president. The paper describes a process, using mathematical modeling, by which students can try to determine how few votes are necessary in order to be elected president. Students use ratio and proportion to make predictions and make comparisons to 1888 data.
Ioana Mihaila
Farey sums are explored as a way to solve mixture, distance, and sequence problems. Authors examine the proper way to add ratios and give application problems.
Richard Francis
Still undiscovered areas of mathematical problem solving. Prime numbers and subset groups are discussed, including Mersenne and Fermat primes.