Algebraic thinking in the early grades is critically important for students’ mathematics learning in later grades. In this chapter, the authors highlight research from the past decade that addresses four core algebraic thinking practices in K–grade 8: generalizing, representing, justifying, and reasoning with mathematical structures and relationships. They explore how researchers have investigated student engagement with these core practices in the contexts of arithmetic, functional thinking, and quantitative reasoning and identify areas in need of further research.

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